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Teak Local Name: Teca
Botanical Name: Tectona grandis
Family: Verbenaceae
The Tree: Teak is very fast growing, and on favorable sites may reach
130 to 150 feet in height with clear boles to 80 to 90 feet. The trunks
are cylindrical to fluted and may reach 3 to 5 feet in diameter.
Status: Teak has been heavily exploited for more than a century and
is increasingly difficult to obtain. It is listed as endangered.
The Wood: Teak is a beautiful golden to dark brown, sometimes reddish
brown, with a straight grain, sometimes wavy.
Teak is rich in natural oils, is easily worked, and dresses to a very
smooth finish.
Because of its natural oils, teak is very durable and resistant to moisture
and the drying effects of exposure to weather. Teak is unique in that
it does not cause rust or corrosion when in contact with metal.
Uses: Teak is a very valuable wood and is prized throughout the world.
It is sought for the decks, trim and detail work in expensive boats,
and fine furniture, flooring, carving, joinery, cabinetwork, paneling,
turnery and veneer.
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Teca Nombre Comun
Nombre Botanico:Tectona Grandis
Familia: Vervenaceae
El Arbol: La teca es de muy rapido crecimiento en condiciones favorables puede llegar desde 40 a 45 mts de altura.El
tronco puedes ser 1 a 1.5 mts de diametro.
Status: La Teca a sido altamente explotada por mas de un siglo y es cada vez masdificil de obtener
La Madera: De Teca es de color dorado- marron a veces rojo- marron con vetas derechas y ondulada.
La Teca es rica en acites naturales, se trabaja facilmente y da un suave acabado.Debido a su aecite natural la
teca es muy duradera y resistente a la humedad y a los efectos de secado expuesta a la intemperie.La Teca tiene
una quialidad unica de no oxidarse al contacto con el metal.
Usos: La Teca es muy apreciada por todo el mundo,Es buscada para hacer decks,adornos y trabajos detallados en botes
y muebles finos,pisos,tallas,ebanisteria,torneria y chapilla. |
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Teak is reported to be indigenous to India, Burma, Thailand, Indochina and Java, but it has been extensively planted
for timber or as an ornamental within its natural range and throughout the tropical regions of the world, including
East and West Africa, the West Indies, from Cuba and Jamaica to Trinidad, and from Panama to Brazil. It is also
grown in southern Florida. The species has also been cultivated experimentally or at low elevations in Puerto Rico.
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La Teca es indigena de la India,Birmania,Thailandia,Indochina y Java, pero ha sido extensamente
swembrada por su madera o por razones ornamentales dentro de su habitat natural y por toda s las regiones tropicales
del mundo, incluyendo Africa del Este y del Oeste, Indias Occidentales,desde Cuba y Jamaica hast a Trinidad, desde
Panama hast aBrazil.Tambien ha crecido en el sur de Florida.Esta especie tambien a sido sembrada a muy bajas elevacion
sobre el nivel del mar en Puerto Rico.
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Tree Data
Teak trees are reported to attain heights of 130 to 150 feet (39 to
45 m) under favorable conditions. Stems are reported to be often clear
of branches to 80 to 90 feet (24 to 27 m) high. Trunk diameters are
reported to be often from 36 to 60 inches (90 to 150 cm), and older
trees are typically fluted and buttressed. Plantation trees are reported
to grow to heights of 150 feet (45 m), and can be ready for harvesting
after only 60 years. Teak logs are reported to be very heavy, and are
rather difficult to transport. Standing trees are sometimes girdled
and left to stand for two to eight years before they are harvested.
This practice is reported to allow moisture in the tree to dissipate,
and hence make the logs less heavy and easier to transport.
Sapwood Color
The clearly demarcated sapwood is white to pale yellow in color.
Heartwood Color
The heartwood in its purest form, is a uniform dark golden-brown, without
markings. But most other heartwood found in this species is dark golden
yellow, which turns into rich brown with darker, chocolate-brown markings
upon exposure. There is moderate to high color variation between boards.
Grain
The grain is generally straight, but occasionally wavy.
Texture
Texture is coarse and uneven. The wood is somewhat greasy and may contain
white shiny deposits.
Luster
Wood surfaces are dull, and the material is reported to have an oily
feel.
Odor
Freshly-milled wood is reported to have an odor similar to that of leather,
but there is no distinctive taste.
Ease of Drying
The wood is reported to dry well, but slowly.
Drying Defects
Large variations in drying rates may occur. The wood may also change
color temporarily upon kiln drying.
Kiln Schedules
T10 - D4S (4/4); T8 - D3S (8/4) US
Schedule H (4/4) - United Kingdom
Movement in Service
Seasoned wood is reported to have very good dimensional stability, and
retains its shape well after manufacture.
T/R Ratio
2.32
This indicator is more meaningful if it is used together with other
drying information and actual shrinkage data in the tangential and radial
directions. (Refer to the Numerical Values window).
Natural Durability
Natural resistance to attack by decay fungi and termites is reported
to be very high in the heartwood, and teak's resinous oil is reported
to act as a natural insect repellant. The sapwood is susceptible to
attack by powder-post beetles.
Resistance to Impregnation
The heartwood is reported to be extremely resistant to preservative
treatment. The sapwood also has low permeability, but the wood has a
high natural resistance to decay which tends to offset its poor response
to preservative treatment.
Resistance to Chemicals
The timber is reported to be resistant to water and numerous chemical
reagents, including acids, and will not cause rust or corrosion when
it comes in contact with metals.
Toxic Constituents
Sawdust from machining operations is reported to cause skin irritation
in some individuals.
Silica Content
The timber is siliceous. Amount is reported to vary, but may be up to
1.4% (of ovendry weight). Silica level of 0.05% is considered to be
enough to affect the machining properties of wood.
Blunting Effect
The wood exerts severe blunting effect on cutting edges. Tungsten carbide-tipped
cutters are recommended.
Cutting Resistance
The wood is fairly difficult to saw and tungsten-carbide cutting tools
are recommended.
Planing
Cutting angles should be reduced to 20 degrees for best results.
Turning
The material is moderately easy to turn, but cutters tend to dull rapidly
and severely.
Moulding
Moulding properties are reported to be generally good.
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be fairly easy, but cutting edges
may dull rapidly.
Routing & Recessing
Routing properties are reported to be moderately easy, but cutting edges
dull rapidly.
Mortising
The material responds well to sharp cutters in mortising operations.
Carving
The material is reported to carve well.
Gluing
Freshly sanded or planed surfaces are reported to be fairly easy to
glue.
Nailing
Pre-boring is recommended in nailing.
Screwing
Pre-boring is recommended in screwing.
Sanding
Sanding qualities are reported to be generally good, but abrasives tend
to be clogged. Frequent sandpaper changes are usually necessary.
Polishing
The wood has satisfactory polishing properties.
Staining
The wood takes stain well, but natural oils in the wood may interfere
with adhesion and drying of some finishes. Removing surface resins with
a solvent that is compatible with the finish to be used is suggested
to reduce the wood's tendency to repel finish coats.
Varnishing
Varnishing properties are fairly good. (See notes under 'Staining').
Painting
The wood has fairly good painting properties. (See notes under 'Staining').
Steam Bending
Steam bending properties are rated as moderate.
Response to Hand Tools
The wood responds well to hand tools but cutting edges should be kept
very sharp.
Strength Properties
Teak has high bending strength in the air-dry condition (about 12 percent
moisture content). It compares favorably with American oak (Quercus
), which also has high bending strength. Compression strength parallel
to grain in the air-dry condition is also high. Hardness is rated as
medium, and weight and density are high.
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Datos del Arbol
Los Arboles de Teca puden llegar hasta 45 mts de altura en condiciones favorables.
El tallo pude ser libre de rmas hasta 27 mt de altura.Diametro del tronco son de hasta 1,5 mt,
los arboles viejos son tipicamente acanalados y estribados.
Arboles de plantacion llegan hasta los 45 mts de altura y pueden ser cosechados a los 60 años.Las
rolas de Teca son pesadas y dificiles de transportar.Arboles en pie some muchas veces fajados para ser cortados
entre 2 y 8 años despues.Est apractica es para permitir que se disipe la humedad y hacer los troncos mas
livianos para transportar.
La albura es claramente demarcada de color amarillo palido.
La madera de corazon es uniformemente amarillo dorado sin marcas que se convierte mas oscura
a marron chocolate con la expocision.Hay una moderada diferencia ente las tablas.
Veta
El grano es generalmente derecho,pero a veces ondulado.
Textura
La textura es aspera y poco uniforme.La madera es algo grasosa y contiene brillantes blancos
depositos.
Brillo
La superficie de la madera tiene una sensasion aceitosa
Olor
Recien cortada tien un olor muy distintivo, similar a cuero, pero no tiene sabor distintivo.
Secado
La madera es facil de secar, pero lento.
Defectos del Secado
Mucha variacion en las tasas de secado pueden ocurrir.La madera puede cambiar de color temporalmente
despues del secado al horno.
Recetas desecado
T10 - D4S (4/4); T8 - D3S (8/4) US
Horaio H (4/4) - Reino Unido
Moviento en servicio
Secada la madera es muy estable dimencionalmente, y mantiene su forma muy bien despues de trabajada.
Durabilidad Natural
Resistencia natural al ataque de hongos y termitas es altisima en la madera de corazon,el acite
naturalde lateca parece ser un repelente natural de insectos.La albura es suceptible al ataque de coleopteros.
Resistencia a la impregnacion
La madera de corazon es extremadamente resistente al tratamientos para su preservacion.
La labura tambien tiene baja permeabilidad,pero la madera tiene naturalmente resistencia a la
descomposicion que compensa su baja respuesta al tratamiento.
Resistencia Quimica.
La madera es resistente al agua y quimicos incluyendo acidos, y no causa oxidacion al contacto
con metales.
Toxic Constituents
Sawdust from machining operations is reported to cause skin irritation in some individuals.
Contenido de Silice
La Teca es silicea.La cantidad varia pero puede llegar hasta 4%.
Blunting Effect
The wood exerts severe blunting effect on cutting edges. Tungsten carbide-tipped cutters are recommended.
Cutting Resistance
The wood is fairly difficult to saw and tungsten-carbide cutting tools are recommended.
Efecto de Desafilar
La madera es medianamente dificil de cortar y hace falta herramintas con mechas tungsten-carbide
son recomendadas.
Cepillar
Angulos de corte deben ser reducidos a 20 grados paa mejores resultados.
Torno
La teca es facil de tornear.
Moldura
Las propiedaddes de amoldar son buenas.
Taladro
Facil de perforar.
Prosesado
De facil procesado.
Perforar
Responde al buen afilado.
Tallar
Facil de tallar.
Encolar
Muy facil de pegar.
Clavado
Preperforado es recomendado antes de clavar.
Lijado
Generalmente buenas,pero las lijas tienden a taparse, frecuentes cambios de lija.
Pulido
La Teca se pule satisfactoriamente.
Teñido
La Teca se tiñe bien, pero los aceites naturales interfieren en el secado y acabado.
Pintura
Se pinta facilmente.
Doblado al vapor
las se moldea moderadamente.
Herramientas manuales
La Teca se trsabaja manualmente muy facilmente.
Resistencia
La Teca tiene alta resistencia seca al aire(12%)se compara favoramente con el Roble Americano
con altisima resistencia de flexion.Compresion parallela al grano y seca al aire es alta. La dureza es medina.
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