Topic 18: Fungi
Domain: Fungi
General Properties
- Nucleated cells
- Contain basic cell unit called the hyphae which grouped together makes mycelium.
- Never have flagella
- Either saprophytic
eat dead organic matter or parasitic
eat living organic matter.
- Cell walls contain chitin.
- Predominantly haploid with plasmogomy and karyogomy.
4 Major Groups of Fungi:
A. Chytrids (not
discussed in this lab)
B. Zygomycetes
1. Made
up of coenocytic hyphae.
2. Spore
Carrier: Zygosporangia, Spore Name: Zygospore. Heres a picture of a zygosproangium
of Rhizopus.
Rhizopus
Zygosporangium
3. Recognize
the Genus: Rhizopus that have a sporangium (releases the spores), a sporangiophore (holds up the
sporangium), a stolon (provides new places
for more to grow and acts as an anchor for the fungi), and finally rhizoids (little root looking things
that also help anchor).
<
Rhizopus
4.
Here are the
sexual stages of Zygomycetes where a
last step specific to Rhizopus is
added.
C. Ascomycetes
1. Contain asci which often contain
ascospores that are usually associated with a fruiting body.
2. Have
septated hyphae.
Note
the septated hyphae
3. Often do asexual reproduction through conidia.
We must recognize:
Genus: Penacillium
******* Most importantly
from this we need to be able to recognize Penacilliums conidia!
Be able to recognize this by its common name, Yeast and recognize that it is an
Ascomycete.
Recognize Powdery
Mildew and know that it reproduces with conidia and is a parasite to leaves.
Be
able to recognize morchella.
And
finally be able to recognize Peziza.
D.
Basidiomycetes
- Spore Carrier: Basidia, Spore Name: Basidiospore.
-
We need to be
able to recognize Fruiting Bodies
-
And finally we
need to be able to recognize rusts and smuts
Smuts
